There are a few different tests designed to find out whether a person has the HIV virus or not. The major ones are the HIV antibody test, the P24 antigen test and the PCR test. There are a few other methods of HIV testing, which are normally only used once a person has been diagnosed with the virus. These include the CD4 test and the viral load test.

HIV antibody tests are the most suitable test for the regular diagnosis of HIV among adults. Antibody tests are inexpensive and very precise. The ELISA antibody test (enzyme-linked immunosorbent) also known as EIA (enzyme immunoassay) was the first HIV test to be extensively used.

When a person is infected with HIV, their body reacts by producing particular proteins that fight infection, called antibodies. An HIV antibody test searches for these antibodies in blood, saliva or urine. If antibodies to HIV are discovered, it means a person has been infected with HIV.

For the most part people develop noticeable HIV antibodies within 6 to 12 weeks of infection. In very uncommon cases, it can take up to 6 months and there are almost always very exacting reasons for antibodies developing so late, for example; other autoimmune disorders. It is very doubtful that someone would take longer than 6 months to develop antibodies.

Antibody tests are extremely accurate when it comes to detecting the existence of any HIV antibodies. ELISA tests are extremely sensitive and so will detect very small quantities of HIV antibody. It is generally recommended that the HIV test is carried out in a healthcare environment. However, in some countries home sampling and home testing kits are available.

However if you or a colleague is worried about having contracted HIV then please ensure that you go as soon as possible to your local doctor and they will guide you through the testing process.